Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Harga Input terhadap Pendapatan Usaha Penggemukan Sapi Potong (Studi Kasus di Desa Gowok, Kecamatan Pringsurat Kabupaten Temanggung)

SIMULASI PERUBAHAN KEBIJAKAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KECIL DI KECAMATAN BOROBUDUR

(Influence Of Changing  Policy To Small Farmer Houshold’s Economic Income In Arid Area Based Goat Fattening In Borobudur District Magelng Regency)

Oleh :

Hadi Haryanto*

ABSTRACT

The aim of research was understand influence of changing policy to small farmer housholds economic income in arid area based goat fattening. Eighty three respondents were used in this research with criteria having business goat fattening, dry land (tegalan) and member of P-4K.The methods was survey and data analysis used simultaneous equality with 22 equalities, 12 structural equality and 10 identity equality. Number of variables is 43 variables, consist of 22 variables endogens and 21 variables exogen. The done of data used SAS version 6.12.The result of research showed that farmer having the average dry land (tegal), pekarangan and number of goat is 1.377 m²/family, 369 m² and 3.86 head/family produced income Rp. 921.090/family/year, most 58.99 % from non agriculural business and the lowest from goat business is 9.72%. The product of tegal influenced positively by anorganic fertilizer, organic ferilizer and land (tegal). Net income pakarangan was influenced positively by land (pekarangan) and gross income of goat was influenced positively by number of goat positively, time of fattening and sale price.Policy combination of ascending price the anorganic fertilizer 25% + add two goats,   ascending price the anorganic fertilizer 25% + subsidize education 100%,  ascending price the anorganic fertilizer 25% + ascending price the gasoline 25%,    add two goats + subsidize education 100%, add two goats + ascending price the gasoline 25%,   ascending price the anorganic fertilizer 25% + add two goats + subsidize education 100% and ascending price the anorganic fertilizer 25% + add two goats + ascending price gasoline 25% would influence to changing family income +62%; +18.06%;  +2.03%; +82.32%; +62.20%; +81.12% and +61.03%;

Key Words: Policy, income

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Anonimus, 2002. Apa itu Kemiskinan dan Apa Penyebabnya. SMERU, No. 2, April-Juni.

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Kuncoro, M. 1997. Ekonomi Pembangunan. UPP AMP YKPN. Yogyakarta.

Rahayu, L., Sutrilah dan Mashuri. 2000. Peranan Pekerjaan Off Farm Terhadap Kredit Petani di Kabupaten Bantul. Agrosains 13(1), Januari. Pascasarjana UGM. Yogyakarta

Susilowati, S.H., Supardi dan C. Saleh. 2002. Diversifikasi Sumber Pendapatan Rumah Tangga di Pedesaan Jawa barat. Jurnal Agroekonomi, Vol.:20, No.:1. Pusat penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian.

Kariyasa, K., M. Maulana, S. Mardianto. 2004. Usulan Tingkat Subsidi dan Harga Eceran Tertinggi (HET) yang Relevan serta Perbaikan Pola Pendistribusian Pupuk di Indonesia. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian. Volume 2, No.3, September. 277-287.

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Soemartono dan D. Soetrisno. 2004. Kiat Menuju Usaha Tani Produktif di Lahan Kering yang Berkelanjutan. Seminar Nasional Lahan Kering. Universitas Gajahmada. Yogyakarta, 8 Oktober.

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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN COMPLETE FEED SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureum) TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI DOMBA

(The influence of complete feed as Pennisetum purpureum substitution

 for sheep production appearance)

A. Andiani Listyowati dan Sucipto*

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to study how the influence of complete feed as substitution for sheep production appearance. The object of this research were 18 local male sheep live stock about 12 months old with body weight about 20±2kg, grass, complete feed that was produced by feed processing unit STPP Magelang and drinking water. The feed that was given did not beside of iso protein.  The equipment that used were :  individual cage, weight, machine sit for livestock with 500 kg capacity, feed capacity weighing machine 5 kg, cage and writing equipment.

This research was carried out using complete random design contain 3 treatment and 6 restating.  The treatment were: T₁ : Pennisetum purpureum 100% DM and complete feed 0% DM, T₂ : Pennisetum purpureum 50% DM and complete feed 50% DM T₃ : Pennisetum purpureum 0% DM and complete feed 100% DM.  The factor have been experience were : dry material consumption (DMC), crude protein consumption (CPC) and  Average Daily Gain (ADG). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) one way and followed by Duncan analyze.

The result showed that using complete feed as Pennisetum purpureum  substitution had significant interaction with dry basis consumption, crude protein consumption and average daily gain (ADG) local male sheep (P<0,05). DM consumption in T1 treatment lower than DM consumption at T2 and T3 treatment (P<0,05). DM consumption at T2 treatment    (986,20 g/day) had the highest result (P<0,05). Crude protein consumption at T2              (97,34 g/ day) was not different with T3 (98,57 g/day), and both were higher than crude protein consumption at T1 treatment (P<0,05). ADG at T1 treatment (38,29 g) lower than T2 treatment (106,71 g) and T3 treatment (124,49 g), and ADG at T3 treatment was higher than T2 (P<0,05).

The conclution was: using  complete feed with different ratio, influence dry basis consumption, crude protein consumption and ADG local male sheep. The giving of Pennisetum purpureum  as sheep mayor feed can be changed all with complete feed.     

Keywords   : Complete feed , Pennisetum purpureum, Sheep

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*  Staf Pengajar Sekolah Tinggi Penyuluhan Pertanian Magelang

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Anggorodi, R.  1979.  Ilmu Makanan Ternak Umum.  Penerbit PT. Gramedia.  Jakarta.

Arora, S.P.  1989.  Pencernaan Mikroba Pada Ruminansia.  Gadjah Mada University Press.  Yogyakarta.

Chesworth, J. 1992.  Ruminant Nutrition.  Department of Animal Science.  College of Agriculture, Sultan Qaboos University,  Oman. 

Cullison , A. D.  1979.  Feed and Feeding.  2^nd. Ed.  Reston Publishing Company.  Virginia.

Djajanegara, A. dan M. Rangkuti.  1989.  Penggemukan Ternak Domba.  BPTP.  Ungaran.

Hermanto.  2001.  Pakan Alternatif Sapi Potong.  Lokakarya Kaji Teknologi Pakan Ternak Alternatif.  Dinas Peternakan Propinsi Jawa Timur.

Kartadisastra. H. R. 1997. Penyediaan dan Pengelolaan Pakan Ternak Ruminansia. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.

Mahaputra, S., P. Kurniadhi, Rokhman dan Kadiran.  2003.  Analisis Biaya Pemeliharaan Domba dengan Complete Feed.  Buletin Teknik Pertanian.    Vol. 8 Nomor 2. 

Prawirokusumo, S.  1993.  Ilmu Gizi Komparatif.  Edisi Pertama.  BPFE.  Yogyakarta.

Puastuti, W. dan I. W.  Mathius.  2006.  Respon Domba Jantan Muda Pada Berbagai Tingkat Substitusi Hidrolisat Bulu Ayam Dalam Ransum.  Jurnal Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian.  Bidang Ilmu-ilmu Peternakan.  Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (UPPM) Jurusan Penyuluhan Peternakan.  Sekolah Tinggi Penyuluhan Pertanian (STPP) Magelang.

Praharani, L.  1999.  Evaluasi Produktivitas Induk Domba sebagai Akibat Seleksi Laju Produksi.  Prosiding Seminar Nasional Peternakan dan Veteriner.  Pusat Penelitian Peternakan.  Bogor.

Siregar, S. B.  1994.  Ransum Ternak Ruminansia.  Penebar Swadaya.  Jakarta.

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Swastike. W., E. Baliarti dan A. Agus.  2006.  Pertambahan Bobot Badan dan Keberhasilan Sinkronisasi Estrus Pada Domba Dara Dengan Kualitas Pakan yang Berbeda.  Jurnal Agrosains. Program Studi Ilmu Peternakan.  Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada.

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PENGARUH PEREBUSAN PAKAN KONSENTRAT TERHADAP PENAMPILAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG LIMOUSINE YANG DIGEMUKKAN

(The Effect of Feed Bolied on Performance of Limuosine Crossbreed Beef)

H Haryanto ^*

Abstract

The aims of this research was to know the efeect of concentrate feed boiled on performance of limousine crossbreed beef. The beefs which taken as the sample were 24 heads with  weight was 400 to 500 kg. The experiment was carried out during 60 days and the experiment method  which used was experiment design with two treatment and eight replications, they were T₀ (without boiled treatment) and T₁ (with boiled treatment). The feed given were 20 kg/head/day of elephant grass and 10 kg/head/day of concentrate. The observation variable was crude protein (CP) consumption, ADG and income.

The research result showed that CP concumption of T₀ was 1.118 kg and T₁ was 1.120 kg, ADG value of T₁ was 1.33 kg  higher than T₀ was 0.79 kg and income of T₁ was Rp.1.230.250 higher than T₀ was Rp. 735.375. The sample t test result showed that CP consumpsion of T₀ and T₁ not significans (P=>0.05), ADG of T₀ and T₁ was significantly different(P<=0.05) and income of T₀ and T₁ was significantly different (P<=0.05).

The analysis result it concluded that T₁ treatment can be practiced, because it was more profitable based on economic value.

Key note: concentrate, boiled, CP consumption, ADG, income

* Staf pengajar Sekolah Tinggi Penyuluhan Pertanian(STPP) Magelang

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Arman. 2006. Pengaruh Perebusan Konsentrat Terhadap Avarage Daily Gain Ternak Sapi Perah PFH Jantan. Karya Ilmiah Penugasan Akhir. STPP Magelang.

Haryanto, H. 2002. Peningkatan Produksi Ternak Ruminansia Melalui Upaya Penurunan Degradasi Protein di Dalam Rumen. Jurnal Teknologi No. 1. Badan pengembangan SDM Pertanian. Jakarta.

Hendrawan, S. 1999. Nilai Nutrisi dari Berbagai Jenis Bahan Pakan Konsentrat Komersiil yang Beredar di Indonesia. Universitas Brawijaya. Malang.

Tiilman, A.D., H. Hartadi, S. Reksohadiprodjo, S. Prawirokusumo dan S. Lebdosokojo. 1986. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar. Gajah Mada Universsity Press. Ypgyakarta.

Leng, R.A. 1992. Manipulation of The Rumen  to Enhance  Dairy Production in Sustainable Animal Production . Editor Bunyavejchein et.all. Proceeding of The sixth AAAP Animal Science Conggres, Vo. II.q. Bangkok.